KESETARAAN GENDER DAN RELASI KUASA DALAM TAFSIR AL-QUR’AN TEMATIK KEMENTERIAN AGAMA REPUBLIK INDONESIA

Tinggal Purwanto

Abstract


Tafsir Al-Qur’an Tematik is a product of mufassir creative dialectic with the text of the Qur'an which contains interrelated elements among various interests as produced by involving the Government. This engagement raises the question of the supposedly dialectical interpretation, while raising questions about the product of tafsir, especially regarding the interpretation of gender equality which indicates a power-knowledge relations built for a particular interest. This study aims to explain how power-knowledge relations operate in the book, especially in constructing gender equality. With that purpose, the theory of gender equality and the theory of power-knowledge relations is used to achieve the intended purpose.

The this study finds that power-knowledge relations flow in the Tafsir Al-Qur’an Tematik. Power relations operate in a dialectical and productive manner through initiation, election, accommodation, contestation, controversy, negotiation and compromise of the exegeteers in compiling the tafsir. The mufassir not only try to explain the book of the Qur'an alone, but also attempt to construct the life of the people to be in line with the Government agenda. The mufassir does attempt to construct an equal relationship between men and women, but the construction is not wholly objective and neutral as it still leaves a more discriminatory effect prioritizing men in the public domain and women in the domestic sphere. These power-knowledge relations operate systematically by controlling power relations with truth so as to give rise to more equitable constructions directed to regulate the lives of people on behalf of increased productivity. By its mechanism, power-knowledge normalizes the lives of people with a construction of gender equality that is essentially loaded with power politics.

 

Keywords: tafsir, gender equality, and power relations.

Tafsir Al-Qur’an Tematik is a product of mufassir creative dialectic with the text of the Qur'an which contains interrelated elements among various interests as produced by involving the Government. This engagement raises the question of the supposedly dialectical interpretation, while raising questions about the product of tafsir, especially regarding the interpretation of gender equality which indicates a power-knowledge relations built for a particular interest. This study aims to explain how power-knowledge relations operate in the book, especially in constructing gender equality. With that purpose, the theory of gender equality and the theory of power-knowledge relations is used to achieve the intended purpose.

The this study finds that power-knowledge relations flow in the Tafsir Al-Qur’an Tematik. Power relations operate in a dialectical and productive manner through initiation, election, accommodation, contestation, controversy, negotiation and compromise of the exegeteers in compiling the tafsir. The mufassir not only try to explain the book of the Qur'an alone, but also attempt to construct the life of the people to be in line with the Government agenda. The mufassir does attempt to construct an equal relationship between men and women, but the construction is not wholly objective and neutral as it still leaves a more discriminatory effect prioritizing men in the public domain and women in the domestic sphere. These power-knowledge relations operate systematically by controlling power relations with truth so as to give rise to more equitable constructions directed to regulate the lives of people on behalf of increased productivity. By its mechanism, power-knowledge normalizes the lives of people with a construction of gender equality that is essentially loaded with power politics.

 


Keywords


gender equality, tafsir, power relations.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Al Munawar, Said Agil. Al-Qur’an Membangun Tradisi Kesalehan Hakiki. Jakarta: Ciputat Press, 2002.

al-Jabiri, Muhammad ‘Abid. Takwin al-‘Aql al-‘Arabi. Beirut: al-Markaz al- Tsaqafi al-‘Arabi, 1991.

al-Kulli, Amin. Manahij at-Tajid fi an-Nahwi wa al-Balagah wa at-Tafsir wa al-Adab. t.k.: Dar al-Ma’rifah, 1961.

Almirzanah, Syafa’atun dan Sahiron Syamsuddin (edt.), Upaya Integrasi Hermeneutika dalam Kajian Qur’an dan Hadis: Teori dan Aplikasi, Yogyakarta: Lembaga Penelitian UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, 2009.

Al-Qurthubi, Abu ‘Abdillah Muhammad bin Ahmad al-Anshariyyi, Jami’ li Ahkamil-Qur’an, Beirut: Dar al-fikr, 1999.

ar-Rumi, Fahd ibn ‘Abdurrahman ibn Sulaiman. Ittijahat at-Tafsir fi al-Qarn ar-Rabi’. Cet. Ke-4. Riyad: Maktabah ar-Rasyad, 2002.

At-Thabari, Muhammad bin Jarir bin Yazid Abu Ja’ar, Jami’ul Bayan fi Takwilil-Qur’an, Riyad: Mu’assasah ar-Risalah, 2000.

Carrette, Jereme R., “Prolog kepada Pengakuan Daging” dalam Agama, Seksualitas, Kebudayaan: Esai, Kuliah dan Wawancara Terpilih Foucault, ed. Jereme R. Carrette, terj. Indi Aunullah, Yogyakarta: Jalasutra, 2011.

Crawley, Dress, Drinks, and Drums: Further Studies of Savages and Sex, peny. Theodore Besterman, London: Methuen, 1931.

Dzuhayatin, Siti Ruhaini. Rezim Gender Muhammadiyah: Kontestasi Gender, Identitas, dan Eksistensi. Yogyakarta: Suka Press UIN Sunan Kalijaga bekerja sama dengan Pustaka Pelajar, 2015.

El-Guindi, Fadwa, Jilbab antara Kesalehan, Kesopanan, dan Perlawanan, terj. Mujiburrahman, Jakarta: PT Serambi Ilmu Semesta, 1999.

Esack, Farid. Qur’an Liberation and Pluralism: An Islamic Perspective of Interrelegious Solidarity Against Oppression. Oxford: Oneworld Publication, 1997.

Federspiel, Howard M. Kajian al-Qur’an di Indonesia dari Mahmud Yunus hingga Quraish Shihab. Bandung: Mizan, 1996.

Foucault, Michel. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison, trans. Alan Seridan. England: Penguin Books, 1977.

------------. Power/Knowledge. Brighton, UK: Harvester Press, 1980.

------------. The History of Sexuality Vol. I: An Introduction. Terj. Robert Hurley. New York: Vintage Books, 1990.

------------. Archaelogy of Knowledge. Terj. A.M. Sheridan Smith. London and New York: Routledge Classics, 2002.

Gusmian, Islah. Khazanah Tafsir Indonesia: dari Hermeneutika hingga Ideologi. Jakarta: Teraju, 2003.

Haryatmoko, “Sejarah Seksualitas: Sejarah Pewacanaan Seks dan Kekuasaan Menurut Foucault” dalam Christina Siwi Handayani dkk., Subyek yang Dikekang, Jakarta: Komunitas Salihara, 2013.

Haryatmoko, Dominasi Penuh Muslihat: Akar kekerasan dan Diskriminasi, Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2010.

http://www.kompasiana.com diakses 05 Januari 2016.

Jawad, Haifaa A. The Rights of Women in Islam: an Authentic Approach. New York: ST. Martin’s Press, INC, 1998.

Lerner, K Lee, Brenda Wilmoth Lerner dkk., Gender Issues and Sexuality: Essential Primary Sources. USA: Thomson Corporation, 2006.

Mannheim, Karl. Ideology and Utopia, an Introduction to the Sociology of Knowledge. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd. 39, tt.

Mudhoffir, Abdil Mughis. “Teori kekuasaan Foucault”, Jurnal Sosiologi MASYARAKAT 18, No. 1 (Januari 2013): 75-100.

Mulia, Siti Musdah. Muslimah Reformis: Perempuan Pembaru Keagamaan. Bandung: Mizan, 2005.

Mustaqim, Abdul. Metode Penelitian al-Qur’an dan Tafsir. Yogyakarta: Idea Press, 2014.

Osborne, Grant S. The Hermeneutical Spiral, Downer Grove. Illinois: Intervarsity Press, 1991.

Palmer, Richard E. Hermeneutics: Interpretation Theory in Schleiermacher, Dilthey, Heidegger and Gadamer. Evanston: Northwestern University Press., 1969.

Peraturan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 7 Tahun 2005 tentang Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional (RPJMN) 2004-2009, bagian II dan III.

Rohmaniyah, Inayah. Konstruksi Patriarki dalam Tafsir Agama: Sebuah Jalan Panjang.Yogyakarta: Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Pemikiran Islam bekerjasama dengan Diandra Pustaka Indonesia, 2014.

Schneider, Elizabeth M. “Domestic Violence, Citizenship, and Equality” dalam Linda C McClain and Joanna L. Grossman (edt.), Gender Equality: Dimensions of Women’s Equal Citizenship. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2009.

Shihab, M. Quraish. Membumikan al-Qur’an. Bandung: Mizan, 1994.

Shihab, Umar. Kontekstualitas al-Qur’an: Kajian Tematik Atas Ayat-ayat Hukum dalam al-Qur’an. Jakarta: Penamadani, 2005.

Song, Sarah. .Justice and Multiculturalism: An Egalitarian Argument for Cultural Accommodation. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007.

Subhan, Zaitunah. Tafsir Kebencian: Studi Bias Gender dalam Tafsir al-Qur’an. Yogyakarta: LKiS, 1999.

Syahrur, Muhammad. Nahwa Ushul Jadidah li al-Fiqhi al-Islami; Fiqh al-Mar’ah, al-Washiyyah, al-Irts, al-Qiwamah, al-Ta’addudiyyah, al-Libas. Damaskus: al-Ahali li ath-Thiba’ah wa al-Nasyr wa al-Tauzi’: 2000.

Syamsuddin, Sahiron. Tafsir Studies. Yogyakarta: Elsaq Press, 2009.

United Nations Development Programme. Taking Action: Achieving Gender Equality and Empowering Women. New York: United Nations Development Programme, 2005.

Wienclaw, Ruth A. “Gender and Domestic Responsibilities” dalam The Editors of Saleem Press, Gender Roles and Equality. California: Salem Press, 2011.

Zayd, Nasr Hamid Abu. Dekonstruksi Gender. Terj. Moch. Nur Ichwan dan Moch. Syamsul Hadi. Yogyakarta: Samha bekerjasama dengan PSW IAIN Sunan SUKA dan McGill, 2003.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/palastren.v12i1.5052

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2019 PALASTREN Jurnal Studi Gender

Creative Commons License
Palastren : Jurnal Studi Gender by Pusat Studi Gender STAIN Kudus is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.